Dewey conducted international research on education, winning many academic honors worldwide. He promoted learning by doing rather than learning by rote. Dewey's special concern was reform of education. He joined the faculty of Columbia University in 1904. After teaching philosophy at the University of Michigan, he joined the University of Chicago as head of a department in philosophy, psychology and education, influenced by Darwin, Freud and a scientific outlook. He earned his doctorate at Johns Hopkins University in 1884. In 1859, educator and philosopher John Dewey was born in Burlington, Vermont. He was a major representative of the progressive and progressive populist philosophies of schooling during the first half of the 20th century in the USA. Dewey, along with Charles Sanders Peirce and William James, is recognized as one of the founders of the philosophy of pragmatism and of functional psychology. John Dewey was an American philosopher, psychologist and educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform.
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